In French, many professions have both a masculine and a feminine form, reflecting the gender of the person holding the job. This is somewhat different from English, where the same word is typically used regardless of the person’s gender. Let’s look at some examples to understand how this works.

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Examples : 

  • la traducteur, la traductrice
  • le vendeur, la vendeuse
  • le policier, la policière
  • le boulanger, la boulangère
  • le professeur, la professeur
  • l’avocat, l’avocate

For instance, the word for a male teacher in French is “professeur” and for a female teacher, it’s “professeure”. Similarly, a male cook is called a “cuisinier” while a female cook is referred to as “cuisinière”. These examples show how the endings of the words change to indicate the gender of the individual.

However, there are also many professions in French where the same word is used for both males and females. For example, the word “médecin” means a doctor for both genders. Another example is “journaliste”, which means a journalist whether the person is male or female.

Examples : 

  • le journaliste, la journaliste
  • le médecin, la médecin,
  • le pianiste, la pianiste
  • le militaire, la militaire

List of professional activity names in French that vary in gender between masculine and feminine forms.

FRENCH ( masculine ) FRENCH ( féminine ) API ENGLISH
agriculteur agricultrice [agʀikultœʀ, agʀikultʀis] farmer
artisan artisane [aʀtizɑ̃, aʀtizɑ̃n] craft worker
assistant assistante [asistɑ̃, asistɑ̃t ] assistant
auteur autrice [otœʀ, otʀis] author
avocat avocate [avɔka, avɔkat] lawyer
boulanger boulangère [bulɑ̃ʒe, bulɑ̃ʒɛʀ] baker
caissier caissière [kesje, kesjɛʀ] cashier, checker
chauffeur chauffeuse [ʃofœʀ, ʃoføz] driver
acteur actrice [aktœʀ, aktʀis] actor
concierge concièrge [kɔ̃sjɛʀʒ] caretaker
consultant consultante [kɔ̃syltɑ̃, kɔ̃syltɑ̃t] consultant
créateur créatrice [kʀeatœʀ, kʀeatʀis] designer, creator
cuisinier cuisinière [kɥizinje, kɥizinjɛʀ] cook
danseur danseuse [dɑ̃sœʀ, dɑ̃søz] dancer
directeur directrice [diʀɛktœʀ, diʀɛktʀis] managern head
enseignant enseignante [ɑ̃sɛɲɑ̃ – ɑ̃sɛɲɑ̃t] teacher
entrepreneur entrepreneuse [ɑ̃tʀəpʀənœʀ, ɑ̃tʀəpʀənøz] buziness(wo)man
entraîneur entraîneuse [ɑ̃tʀenœʀ, ɑ̃tʀenøz] trainer
esthéticien esthéticienne [ɛstetisjɛ̃, ɛstetisjɛn] beautician
formateur formatrice [fɔʀmatœʀ, fɔʀmatʀis] trainer
gérant gérante [ʒeʀɑ̃, ʒeʀɑ̃t] manager
illustrateur illustratrice [ilystʀatœʀ, ilystʀatʀis] illustrator
infirmier infirmière [ɛ̃fiʀmje, ɛ̃fiʀmjɛʀ] nurse
influenceur influenceuse [ɛ̃flyɑ̃sœʀ, ɛ̃flyɑ̃søz] influencer
jardinier jardinière [ʒaʀdinje, ʒaʀdinjɛʀ] gardener
masseur masseuse [masœʀ, masøz] masseur
médecin médecin [med(ə)sɛ̃] doctor
musicien musicienne [myzisjɛ̃, myzisjɛn] musician
ouvrier agricole ouvrière agricole [uvʀije, uvʀijɛʀ agʀikɔl] farm worker
pâtissier pâtissière [pɑtisje, pɑtisjɛʀ] pastrycook, confectioner
policier policière [polisje, polisjɛʀ] police officer
pompier pompière [pɔ̃pje, pɔ̃pjɛʀ] firefighter
réalisateur réalisatrice [ʀealizatœʀ, ʀealizatʀis] film director
serveur serveuse [sɛʀvœʀ, sɛʀvøz] waiter, barman
sportif  sportive [spɔʀtif, spɔʀtiv] sport(wo)man
traducteur traductrice [tʀadyktœʀ, tʀadyktʀis] translator
vendeur vendeuse [vɑ̃dœʀ, vɑ̃døz] shop assistant
voleur voleuse [volœʀ, voløz] thief

List of occupation in French that are the same in both masculine and feminine forms.

FRENCH ( masculine ) FRENCH ( féminine ) API ENGLISH
architecte architecte [aʀʃitɛkt] architect
comptable comptable [kɔ̃tabl] accountant
contremaître contremaître [kɔ̃tʀəmɛtʀ] fore(wo)man
géographe géographe [ʒeɔgʀaf] geographer
graphiste graphiste [gʀafist] graphic designer
guide guide [gid] guide
journaliste journaliste [ʒuʀnalist] journalist
libraire libraire [libʀɛʀ] bookseller
manutentionnaire manutentionnaire [manytɑ̃sjɔnɛʀ] packer
médecin médecin [med(ə)sɛ̃] doctor
pirate pirate [piʀat] pirate
psychologue psychologue [psikɔlɔg] psychologist
militaire militaire [militɛʀ] soldier

List of professions in French whose spelling differs between masculine and feminine forms, but whose pronunciation is the same.

FRENCH ( masculine ) FRENCH ( féminine ) API ENGLISH
ingénieur ingénieure [ɛ̃ʒenjœʀ] engineer
professeur de guitare professeure de guitare [pʀɔfesœʀdəgitaʀ] guitar instructor

Keywords :  Occupation in French